Det har på senare tid uppstått en diskussion angående det asymmetriska vinstdelningssystemet i riskkapitalfonder. Diskussionen gäller hur s.k. Carried interest ska beskattas. Uppsatsens fokus har legat på vilket inkomstslag Carried interest är hänförligt till samt vem som är skattesubjekt. Skatteverket anser att Carried interest är en prestationsbaserad ersättning och därför ska beskattas som en tjänsteinkomst.

Inom riskkapitalfonder är det vanligt med olika former av vinstdelningssystem.Under senare år har en problematik uppdagats vad gäller beskattningen av dendel av vinstdelningen som uppkommer vid avyttring av portföljbolag sombrukar kallas Carried interest. Fokus vid diskussionen har främst varit i vilketinkomstslag ersättningen i form av Carried interest beskattningsmässigt ska tasupp, antingen som inkomst av tjänst eller som inkomst av kapital. Skatteverketär av uppfattningen att Carried interest är prestationsbaserat och att inkomstensåledes ska tas upp och beskattas som inkomst av tjänst hos de personer somutfört arbete som skapat mervärde i portföljbolagen. Andra är av åsikten attCarried interest, som hänför sig till avkastning på kapital, ska beskattas som enkapitalinkomst.Syftet med uppsatsen är att reda ut på vilka grunder beskattningen kan ske i deolika inkomstslagen. Frågan regleras inte uttryckligt i lag utan har i ställetöverlämnats till rättstillämpningen.

Riskkapitalbranschen har varit etablerad i Sverige sedan 1980-talet, trots det finns det idag inget regelverk som specifikt reglerar denna verksamhet. Sedan år 2007 har Skatteverket bedrivit djupgående utredningar av bolag verksamma inom riskkapitalbranschen. I utredningarna har fokus legat på en särskild vinstandel som utgår till vissa aktiva aktörer inom denna bransch. Den särskilda vinstandelen benämns Carried interest och har skapat stor debatt på riskkapitalområdet. Debatten grundar sig i hur Carried interest ska klassificeras och beskattas.

För PLA-innehavare och key executives anser vi att beskattningen av Carried interest ska ske i inkomstlaget kapital. Vi anser ej att den eventuella arbetsinsatsen utförd av PLA-innehavare har en sådan koppling till värdeökning i fonden att inkomstslaget tjänst ska vara tillämpligt. Detta har att göra med att GP-bolagets beslutanderätt i fondens förvaltning samt det finns omvärldsfaktorer som påverkar fondens värdeförändring.Vidare anser vi att Carried interest ska beskattas hos PLA-innehavarna och key executives, inte hos rådgivningsbolaget. Av fondstrukturen framgår det tydligt att rådgivningsbolaget är skilt från GP-bolaget och förvaltningen av en venture capital-fond. Carried interest finns endast avtalat i det avtal som PLA-innehavarna har ingått med ILP-bolaget.

This thesis reports on a case study of a forest company, Stora Enso, and their experience from a number of trials and experiments with ash recycling. A literature survey and a total of eleven in-depth interviews were carried out. Ash recycling was found to be the concern of three different divisions of the company. The pulp industry which produces the ash, the forest division which would be responsible for identifying land and spreading the ash, and Stora Research, which has had a major part in the design and implementation of research trials. Lacking an overall company decision on ash recycling the matter is left to the individual divisions.

Gymnastics is a reoccurring event in the physical education of many students. Despite this, there is still today limited research which describes the students? perspective and interest for this activity and if there are any differences between genders. The purpose of this study has therefore been to investigate students? interest for gymnastics and if there are any experiences, which can affect this interest.

Bakgrund: Är den att en problemdiskussion har förts om själva beskattningen för vissadelägare som investerare i riskkapitalfonder det vill säga den om en Carried interest.Skatteverket har specialgranskat sedan år 2007 de riskkapitalfonder som har någonanknytning till Sverige. Skatteverket har inriktat sig för sin granskning på hur den specifikadel av själva vinstdelningen som uppstår vid avyttring av ett portföljbolag skall beskattas,t.ex. Nordic Capital. Det vill säga till vilket inkomstslag skall man klassificera Carried interesti. Avvägningen kommer att ske för Carried interest mellan inkomstslagen inkomst av tjänsteller en inkomst av kapital.Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att utvärdera huruvida redovisningsstandarden IAS 18påverkas av den gällande skatterätten.

Abstrakt The yield curve as a forecasting tool for inflation has been thoroughly investigated. However, most of these studies considered only the major economies, such as the U.S. economy or the major European economies and not a small open economy such as the Swedish. The Swedish economy should be much more affected by the world economy then the bigger economies. The purpose with this study is then to investigate whether the Swedish yield curve, or the Swedish interest rate, can be used as forecasting tools for the Swedish inflation.

This degree project is on 15 university points which correspond to 10 weeks full time studies. The work has been carried out during autumn term 2007 and spring term 2008. This degree project has been carried out with the cooperation of Etac Supply Center AB who is located in Anderstorp.It?s been Etac interest to develop a solution which helps the user of the wheelchair over obstacles. My task has been to develop a concept that solves the problem according to the requirement specification.In the rapport the reader can follow the development from an idea to a finished concept.

AimThe main aim of this study was to find out how teachers reflect on their work with developing pupils? interest towards mathematics in grade nine. As a teacher in mathematics, it is important to be aware of different views on interest towards mathematics and how it is possible to work in that direction. Since developing interest towards mathematics is written the in syllabus as criteria for teaching mathematics in grade nine, it is important to know and take an active role in finding ways to approach the issue.Main issues? How do teachers in grade nine reflect over their work with development of interest towards mathematics?? How are teachers? Beliefs Systems reflected in their work with interest?MethodThe main focus of this study was teachers? perspective on their own work on developing interest towards mathematics.

In the future the Swedish pension system will face major problems. With an increasing aging population combined with a decreasing share of working population the financing of the pension system is becoming a bigger problem than previously predicted. This means the individual himself will have a bigger responsibility to invest money for their future retirement. It has been shown that a large proportion of the people who invests for their future pension have neither the interest nor the time to actively invest their pension capital. To make it easier for those who invest for their retirement, some Swedish banks have created so-called generation funds.

In Sweden, many children in compulsory school attend after-school recreation centres. All children are offered local after-school recreation centre attendance in the age 6-12 during their parents? work hours. Our aim with this Master thesis is to investigate how after-school recreation centres can use libraries to stimulate children?s own interest to read.

In Sweden the main principle is that interest expenses are deductable. The rules of limitations on interest deduction are exemptions to this main principle. The provisions, which came into force on the first of January 2009, have been inserted into Chapter 24 secs. 10 a ? e Swedish Income Tax Act (ITA).

Consumer generated advertising is a new phenomenon in the landscape of communication. Tools such as the Internet enable the consumer to create and spread messages for brands without the permission or control of the brand owner. We carried out a quantitative experiment to investigate the effects of how companies choose to handle these activities as well as how expectations of these consumer generated ads differ from traditional advertising. The findings show that strong brands may benefit from these activities if handled the right way and the brand owner adapts it?s reaction to the content of the ad.

This paper presents empirical evidence on the determinants of interest rate swap spreads in Sweden during the period 1999-2003. The results suggest that the spread between STIBOR and the general collateral repo rate is positively related to shorter maturity swap spreads. The risk premium associated with commercial bonds is positively related to swap spreads of all maturities. A negative relationship is observed between the term structure of interest rates and swap spreads. The short-term interest rate is positively related to spreads with shorter maturities.